Skip to Main Content

University Library

Referencing style - Chicago: Books and Ebooks

A guide to using the Chicago 18th referencing style for footnotes and reference lists.

Books, Ebooks, Book Chapters

If a book is available in more than one format (i.e. print, ebook), cite the version you consulted.

If using an ebook, make sure you include the URL.  The DOI link is preferred. If no stable URL, use the database name.

For books published before 1900s, include the place of publication instead of, or as well as, the publisher's name.

 

Material type Note (footnote) example

Shortened citation  

(see CMOS18 13.33)

 Bibliography example

Book/ebook

 

       1. First Name Last Name, Title of Book (Publisher, Year of Publication), page number, URL.

 

    3. Last Name, Short Title, page number. Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. Publisher, Year of Publication. URL.
Book: single author

    1. Giuliana Bruno, Atlas of Emotion: Journeys in Art, Architecture, and Film (Verso, 2002), 91.

 

     2. Bruno, Atlas of Emotion, 70. Bruno, Giuliana. Atlas of Emotion: Journeys in Art, Architecture, and Film. Verso, 2002.
Book: two authors

    5. Barbara Glasner and Petra Schmidt, Chroma: Design, Architecture & Art in Color (Birkhäuser, 2010), 110.

 

*Authors are listed in the same order used on the title page for both the note and the bibliography.

     8. Glasner and Schmidt, Chroma, 120.

Glasner, Barbara, and Petra Schmidt. Chroma: Design, Architecture & Art in Color. Birkhäuser, 2010.

 

* In the bibliography only the first author's name is inverted and a comma must appear before and after the first author's given name or initial
Book: three or more authors

    9. Philip D. Goldswain et al., Visualising the Architecture of Federation (Curtin University of Technology and The National Council for the Centenary of Federation, 2001), 80.

 

*In the note, list only the first author, followed by 'et al.' (meaning 'and others').

        12. Goldswain et al., Architecture of Federation, 88.

Goldswain, Philip D., Hannah Lewi, and Emma Williamson. Visualising the Architecture of Federation. Curtin University of Technology and The National Council for the Centenary of Federation, 2001.

 

*In the bibliography you can include up to six authors.

*If more than six authors, list only the first three authors followed by "et al.".
Book: authors with same family name

    13. Christopher Kendris and Theodore Kendris, 501 Spanish Verbs: Fully Conjugated in all the Tenses in an Alphabetically Arranged, Easy-to-Learn Format, 9th ed. (Barron’s Educational Series, 2020), 38.

     16. Kendris and Kendris, 501 Spanish Verbs, 27–40. Kendris, Christopher, and Theodore Kendris, 501 Spanish Verbs: Fully Conjugated in all the Tenses in an Alphabetically Arranged, Easy-to-Learn Format, 9th ed. Barron’s Educational Series, 2010.
Book: multi-volume works

    18. Muriel St. Clare Byrne, ed., The Lisle Letters (University of Chicago Press, 1981), 4:243.

 

*The volume cited and page number are separated by a colon. In the short form the volume number does not need to be repeated.

*See Chicago Manual of Style 18 chapter 14 section 20.

     19. Muriel St. Clare Byrne, ed., The Lisle Letters, 255. Byrne, Muriel St. Clare, ed. The Lisle Letters. 6 vols. University of Chicago Press, 1981.
Book: no author

    20. Stanze in lode della donna brutta (Florence, 1547), 13.

 

*See Chicago Manual of Style 18 chapter 13 section 81.

*For books published before 1900, include the place of publication instead of, or as well as, the publisher's name.

     22. Stanze in lode della donna, 14. Stanze in lode della donna brutta. Florence, 1547.

Book: editor, translator or compiler as author

     23. Philip D. Goldswain and William Taylor eds., An Everyday Transience: The Urban Imaginary of Goldfields Photographer John Joseph Dwyer (UWA Publishing, 2010), 10.

    26. Goldswain and Taylor, eds., An Everyday Transience, 7.

 Goldswain, Philip D., and William Taylor, eds. An Everyday Transience: The Urban Imaginary of Goldfields Photographer John Joseph Dwyer. UWA Publishing, 2010.
Book: editor, translator or compiler in addition to author     1. Heinz Rasch, Some Roots of Modern Architecture, trans. and ed. George Jelinek and Joan Jelinek (Tiranti, 1967), 20.     4. Heinz Rasch, Some Roots of Modern Architecture, 22. Rasch, Heinz. Some Roots of Modern Architecture. Translated and edited by George Jelinek and Joan Jelinek. Tiranti, 1967.
Book: author's name appears in title

    9. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, ed. John Bigelow (London, 1868), 233.

 

*For books published before 1900, include the place of publication instead of, or as well as, the publisher's name.

     13. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, 234.

Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin.  Edited by John Bigelow. London, 1868.
Book: corporate or organisational author

    8. Gehl Architects, Perth 2009: Public Spaces and Public Life (City of Perth, 1994), 105.

 

     12. Gehl Architects, Perth 2009, 107. Gehl Architects. Perth 2009: Public Spaces and Public Life. City of Perth, 2009.
Book: government publication

    5. Western Australian Department of Planning and Urban Development, Metropolitan Centres: Policy Statement for the Perth Metropolitan Region (Western Australian Department of Planning and Urban Development, 1991) 21.

 

*If the publisher and the author are the same, repeat the name in both fields.

     9. Western Australian Department of Planning and Urban Development, Metropolitan Centres, 22.

Western Australian Department of Planning and Urban Development. Metropolitan Centres: Policy Statement for the Perth Metropolitan Region. Perth, W.A.: Department of Planning and Urban Development, 1991.

Book Chapter:

or part of a book

    3. Christopher Vernon and George Seddon, "Hacket and Annear: Laying the Foundations," in A Landscape for Learning: A History of the Grounds of The University of Western Australia, ed. George Seddon and Gillian Lilleyman (University of Western Australia Press, 2006), 32-33.

     6. Vernon and Seddon, "Hackett and Annear, "34.

Vernon, Christopher, and George Seddon. "Hackett and Annear: Laying the Foundations." In A Landscape for Learning: A History of the Grounds of The University of Western Australia, edited by George Seddon and Gillian Lilleyman. University of Western Australia Press, 2006.

 

*Page range of the chapter is not needed in the bibliography.
Book: Edition other than first

    1. Quentin Beresford and Gary Partingon, Reform and resistance in aboriginal education: the Australian experience, rev.ed. (UWA Publishing, 2012), 55.

     5. Beresford and Partington, Reform and Resistance, 57. Beresford, Quentin, and Gary Partington. Reform and Resistance in Aboriginal Education: The Australian Experience. Rev. ed. UWA Publishing, 2012.
Book: Reprint editions

    2. Albert Schweitzer, J. S. Bach, trans. Ernest Newman, 2 vols. (Breitkopf and Härtel, 1911; repr., Dover, 1966), 53.

 

See Chicago Manual of Style 18 chapter 14 section 16.

     4. Schweizer, J. S. Bach, 67.

Schweitzer, Albert. J. S. Bach. Translated by Ernest Newman. 2 vols. Breitkopf and Härtel, 1911. Reprint, Dover, 1966.

 

eBook:

 

    1. Simon Unwin, Analysing Architecture (Taylor and Francis, 2009), 21, ProQuest Ebook Central.

 

*Include a URL (DOI is preferred, formatted with the prefix https://doi.org/ followed by the DOI number) or database name.

*Access date can be included if required by your discipline.

     3. Unwin, Analysing Architecture, 22. Unwin, Simon. Analysing Architecture. Taylor and Francis, 2009. ProQuest Ebook Central.

eBook Chapter: 

in a single authored book, no page number

    1.  Mark Evan Bonds, Absolute Music: The History of an Idea (Oxford University Press, 2014), chap. 3, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199367313.013.21

 

*Include the DOI for the chapter in the footnote.

*If no page numbers, include a section title or a chapter or other number, or leave it out.

     4. Bonds, Absolute Music.

Bonds, Mark Evan. Absolute Music: The History of an Idea. Oxford University Press, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199343638.003.0001.

 

*Include DOI for the whole book in the bibliography.

Dictionary/Encyclopaedia entry (online)

 

   1. Grove Music Online, “Rake’s Progress, The” by Richard Taruskin, accessed March 21, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O904281

     4. Grove Music Online,"Rake's Progress, The".

Grove Music Online, “Rake’s Progress, The” by Richard Taruskin. Accessed March 21, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.O904281.

 

*See The Chicago Manual of Style Online, Chapter 14, Section 131.

Dictionary/Encyclopaedia entry (online)

Cited by individual author

*For works with substantial, authored entries, and where appropriate. 

     1. Dawn Ades and Matthew Gale, Donald Rutherford, “Dada,” in Grove Art Online (Oxford University Press, 2003), last updated July 25, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T021094     4. Ades and Gale, "Dada". Dawn Ades and Gale, Matthew. “Dada.” In Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press, 2003. Last updated July 25, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T021094

Creating Notes (Footnotes) using Microsoft Word

By default, Microsoft Word will format footnotes at the end of the page with a superscript number and no indent.  

For the Chicago Notes and Bibliography style, you will need to manually change the font size of footnote number and indent it.

See our instructions on how to create a Note (footnote) in Word and manually edit the format according to the Chicago Notes and Bibliography style.

Please check with your Unit Coordinator to see if their preference is to use the formal Chicago style footnote formatting or the default Word format.

CONTENT LICENCE

 Except for logos, Canva designs, AI generated images or where otherwise indicated, content in this guide is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.